2012—2014年南通市感染性腹泻病毒学监测结果

Results of virological surveillance on infectious diarrhea in Nantong City from 2012-2014

目的了解病毒对南通市感染性腹泻的影响及其流行规律,为制定病毒性腹泻防治措施提供基础资料。方法采集哨点医院感染性腹泻患者的粪便标本,运用RT-PCR或PCR技术检测诺如病毒、轮状病毒、星状病毒、札如病毒和腺病毒核酸,利用Excel 2007及SPSS 19.0对资料进行统计和流行病学分析。结果 987份感染性腹泻样品中病毒核酸阳性样品为96份,总阳性率为9.73%,诺如病毒2型的阳性率最高,为5.27%;其次为轮状病毒和星状病毒,分别为2.43%、1.14%;札如病毒、腺病毒和诺如病毒1型检测阳性率较低,分别为0.61%、0.41%和0.30%;混合感染的感染率为0.41%。病毒核酸阳性以诺如病毒2型和轮状病毒为主,分别占阳性总数的52.00%、24.00%。轮状病毒与诺如病毒感染出现的高峰皆为冬春季。结论病毒是南通市感染性腹泻的重要因素之一,诺如病毒和轮状病毒是该地区病毒性腹泻的主要病原,流行季节以冬春季为主。

[Objective] To explore influences of causative viruses on infectious diarrhea in Nantong City,analyze the epidemiological features,and provide the basis for developing the prevention and control measures.[Methods]Feces samples were collected from patients with infectious diarrhea in sentinel hospitals,and real-time PCR or PCR technologies were used to detect specific RNA of Norovirus,Rotavirus,Astrovirus,Sappovirus and Adenovirus.Excel 2007 and SPSS 19.0 were applied in the epidemiological analysis.[Results]There were 96 positive cases for virus RNA among 987 samples,with a total positive rate of 9.73%.NorovirusⅡ had the highest positive rate（5.27%）,followed by Rotavirus（2.43%） and Astrovirus（1.14%）,while the positive rates of Sappovirus,Adenovirus and Norovirus Ⅰ were lower relatively,which was 0.61%,0.41% and 0.30%,respectively.The mixed infection rate was 0.41%.Norovirus Ⅱ and Rotavirus were the prevalent pathogens for viral diarrheal cases,respectively accounting for 52.00% and 24.00% in positive samples.The infection peaks of Norovirus and Rotavirus appeared in winter and spring.[Conclusion]Causative viruses are important pathogens of infectious diarrhea in Nantong City.Norovirus and Rotavirus are the prevalent pathogens for viral diarrheal,while winter and spring are predominant epidemic seasons.