上海市黄浦区饮用水中氯化消毒副产物的分布特征

Distribution characteristics of chlorination byproducts in drinking water in Huangpu District of Shanghai

目的分析上海市黄浦区生活饮用水中氯化消毒副产物(CDBPs)的污染水平和分布特征,同时研究氯化消毒副产物产生的影响因素。方法选取辖区内出厂水、管网水、二次供水等供水情况进行调查,同时对主要的氯化消毒副产物以及天然有机物、总氯等指标进行检测。结果水体中含量总体分布为三氯甲烷>二氯一溴甲烷>一氯二溴甲烷>三溴甲烷;其水体中含量总体分布为二氯乙酸>三氯乙酸;一氯二溴甲烷、三溴甲烷、二氯乙酸的浓度丰水期和枯水期比较,其差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),丰水期含量高于枯水期;饮水中二溴一氯甲烷、三溴甲烷、三氯乙酸浓度与总有机碳含量呈正相关,Pearson相关系数分别为0.383、0.564、0.340(P<0.05)。结论在该区饮用水中氯化消毒副产物有较高的检出率,丰水期含量高于枯水期。总有机碳是氯化消毒副产物形成的影响因素。

[Objective] To analyze the pollution level and distribution characteristics of Chlorination Disinfection by-products（CDBPs） in drinking water in Huangpu District of Shanghai,analyze the influential factors.[Methods]The investigation was conducted in finished water,the pipe network water and the secondary water supply in this area,while the main CDBPs,natural organic matter and total chlorines were detected.[Results]The testing results showed that the concentration distribution of CDBPs was as follows：chloroform bromodichloromethane dibromochloromethane bromoform,while dichloroacetic acid concentration was higher than that of trichloroacetic acid.The concentrations of dibromochloromethane,bromoform and dichloroacetic acid in wet seasons were higher than those in dry seasons,and the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）.The concentrations of dibromochloromethane,bromoform and dichloroacetic acid were positively correlated with total organic carbon content,and the Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.383,0.564 and 0.340,respectively（P〈0.05）.[Conclusion]CDBPs have a considerable detection rate in drinking water of this area,and their concentrations in wet seasons are higher than those in dry seasons.The total organic carbon proved to be a factor in the formation of CDBPs.