不同臀位分娩方式对新生儿的影响及临床护理研究

The study of the inference of different breech delivery modes on infants and relevant nursing measures

目的 探讨不同臀位分娩方式对新生儿的影响,提高母婴健康的分娩方式及护理措施。方法 回顾性分析2014年3月-2016年4月本院收治的臀位分娩的妊娠病例317例,283例采用剖宫产分娩（A组）,另34例采用经阴道分娩（B组）,比较两组新生儿体重、死亡率及并发症等情况。结果 A组体重低于3.00 kg的新生儿占总数42.76%（121例）,而B组为21例,占总数61.76%,B组明显高于A组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。两组均未见死亡病例。A组颅内出血3例（1.06%）、吸入性肺炎为6例（2.12%）,且并未发现产伤,并发症发生率为3.18%;B组1例颅内出血（2.94%）、2例吸入性肺炎（5.88%）、3例产伤（8.82%）,并发症发生率为17.65%,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。A组Apgar评分为（7.26±1.06）分,B组评分为（4.57±1.20）分,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论 及时发现胎位异常,积极做好孕妇保健,可提高母婴的预后。

Objective To explore the prognosis of different breech delivery modes on infants and discuss methods of delivery and nursing measures to improve maternal and infant health.Methods Retrospective analysis of 317 eases of breech delivery clinical data in our hospital from March 2014 to April 2016,283 eases of cesarean section （group A）,34 cases of vaginal delivery （group B）,the neonatal welghts,the neonatal deaths and complications of two groups were compared.Results Newborns with a lower than 3.00 kg of group A was 42.76%（121 cases）,the group B was 61.76%（21 cases）,the group B was higher than that of group A,the difference was significant （P〈0.05）.There were no one case died in two groups.There were 3 cases （1.06%）intracranial hemorrhage,6 cases （2.12%）aspiration pneumonia in group A and none of birth injury,the incidence rate of complication was 3.18%.However,there was 1 cases （2.94%） intracranial hemorrhage,2 cases （5.88%）aspiration pneumonia and 3 cases （8.82%）birth injury in group B,the incidence rate of complication was 17.65%,the difference was significant （P〈0.01）.The Apgar score of group A was （7.26±1.06） scores, the group B was （4.57±1.20） scores,the difference was significant （P〈0.05）.Conclusion Detection timely of abnormal fetal position and carry out maternal health actively always can improve maternal and infant prognosis.