母乳的蛋白质水解系统

Proteolytic systems in human milk

近年来研究发现母乳中存在许多来源于特定蛋白质水解生成的内源性多肽,其生成是由于母乳中复杂的蛋白质水解系统(其中包括蛋白酶原,活性蛋白酶,蛋白酶抑制剂和激动剂),它们来源于血液转运或由乳腺上皮细胞分泌以及免疫细胞分泌。而和足月儿相比早产儿母乳中蛋白质表达和酶活性存在差异,从而生成更多差异性多肽来弥补早产儿先天的不足。因此,现对目前研究的母乳蛋白质水解系统进行综述。

Human milk contains numerous endogenous polypeptides cleaved from specific proteins. They are produced by the complex proteolytic systems （zymogens, active protease, protease inhibitors and activators） which are originated in blood, mammary epithelial cells and immune cells. Due to the congenital deficiency as well as the differences of protein expression and enzyme activation in premature infants,it contains a significantly greater proportion of the endogenous polypeptides in the preterm milk by contrast with the term milk. This article reviews the current researches of the proteolytic systems in human milk.