新疆阜康市270名哈萨克族在校初中生膳食现状调查

Dietary survey of 270 Kazakh junior high school students of Fukang city,Xinjiang

目的初步了解新疆阜康市哈萨克族初中生膳食状况,为在校学生提供合理的膳食指导。方法以分层整群随机抽样方法抽取新疆阜康市270名在校哈萨克族初中生为调查对象,采用24h回顾法进行膳食状况调查,建立数据库,用营养计算器V2.4b(标准版),与《中国居民膳食营养素参考摄入量(DRIs)》进行比较。结果新疆阜康市哈萨克族初中生在膳食纤维、磷、叶酸、维生素E摄入量与国家建议供给量之间存在差异(P<0.05),新疆阜康哈萨克族在校初中生的蛋白质供能比例为16.41%,高于国家推荐的供能比例;BMI偏高与热量、蛋白看、脂肪摄入过多有关(P均<0.05);其中女生还与膳食纤维过少有关(P<0.05)。结论新疆阜康市哈萨克族初中生膳食结构缺乏合理性,因此,建议学生在日常膳食中应平衡膳食、合理营养及运动,并建立以家庭、学校和社区为一体健康教育管理体系,最终达到健康成长的目的。

Objective To study a preliminary understanding of the junior middle school students dietary status in Fukang City,Xinjiang,and to provide a reasonable dietary guidance for school students. Methods Totally 270 junior middle school students were selected using cluster random sampling method in Fukang city as research objects, surveys conducted that dietary Status Review Act in 24-hour, to establish a database with nutrition calculator V2.4 （standard version）, and to compare with ＂Chinese Dietary Reference Intakes （DRIs）＂. Results Kazak ethnic junior high school students in Fukang City of Xinjiang had differentiation in dietary of fiber, phosphorus, folic acid, vitamin E intake had significantly different with RNI （P〈0.05）,in the proportion of protein energy supply was 16.41%, higher than that of national recommended;High level of BMI were associated with excessive intake of heat, protein,graisse（P〈0.05）, of which girls were related to little intake of dietary fiber intake （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Kazak ethnic junior high school students＇s in Fukang city dietary structures lack of rationality. Therefore, it suggests that students should be balance of food intake, rational nutrition and sport, and to be established a health body system of education in family, school and community management in order to ultimately achieve the purpose of healthy growth.