2011年-2015年桐乡市食物中毒事件分析

Analysis of food poisoning events in Tongxiang during 2011-2015

目的分析桐乡市食物中毒的流行病学特征,为有效预防和控制食物中毒提供科学依据。方法对2011年-2015年桐乡市发生的食物中毒事件进行流行病学分析。结果桐乡市2011年-2015年共发生食物中毒事件60起,患病人数为890人,无死亡;中毒规模平均为14.83人/起。5年中,食物中毒事件发生起数和患病人数最高的是2011年,最低的是2014年。2011年-2015年第三季度食物中毒事件高发,共计20起,占中毒事件总数的33.33%;食物中毒患者总数为388人,占发病总人数的43.60%。中毒场所以农村村庄(26.67%)、餐饮服务单位(23.33%)和学校(20.00%)为主。主要致病因素是微生物,以副溶血性弧菌感染为主,占总数的41.67%。结论桐乡市食物中毒事件有明显流行病学特征,应加强微生物污染导致中毒事件的防控工作,特别是加强副溶血弧菌污染的防控工作,防控重点场所是农村。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of food poisoning in Tongxiang,so as to provide scientific basis for exploring effective prevention and control measures. Methods Epidemiological analysis was conducted on the incidence data of food poisoning reported in Tongxiang from 2011 to 2015. Results There were 890 people suffering 60 food poisoning events in Tongxiang city from 2011 to 2015 without death case. On average,there were 14. 83 persons reported in every food poisoning event. In the last 5 years,the highest number of food poisoning incidents and the highest number of cases were found in 2011,while the lowest was found in 2014. From 2011 to 2015,the highest quarter of food poisoning was the third quarter with 20 events reported,which accounted 33. 33%. And with 388 patients reported,which accounted 43. 60%. Most poisoning events occurred in countryside（ 26. 67%）,others occurred in food service restaurants（ 23. 33%） and schools（ 20%）. Bacterium,especially Vibrio parahaemolyticus,was the most dominant cause of food poisoning which accounted41. 67%. Conclusion Since the food poisoning events have obviously epidemiological characteristics,we should strengthen the work of prevention and control of food poisoning caused by bacteria,especially Vibrio parahaemolyticus caused food poisoning.Countryside is the key for food poisoning prevention and control.