水稻配子体雄性不育细胞质多态性及恢保关系差异研究

A Study of Cytoplasmic Polymorphism and Restore-maintain Relationship of Rice Gametocyte Male Sterility

为解释育种实践中常出现的相同类型不育系与不同恢复系杂交组合F1代育性恢复有明显差异的现象,笔者通过对同核异质的5个配子体不育系W15A、W20A、W34A、W46A和YA线粒体DNA进行RAPD扩增聚类,不育基因orf(H)79基因及基因间区序列测序,测配F1分析其恢保关系,展示同型细胞质的差异与恢保差异的关系。结果表明,通过RAPD扩增聚类,这5个配子体细胞质雄性不育系在线粒体基因组可聚分为3类,而W34A与其他4个不育系的细胞质亲源关系较远。不育基因及基因间区序列均存在多个差异位点,5个水稻配子体雄性不育细胞质在大部分水稻材料的测恢中,恢保关系一致,而一部分材料的恢保关系差异较大。该研究为新型配子体不育系的选育、组合配制和同核多胞质混合杂交水稻亲本的选择提供一定的理论依据。

In order to illuminate the fertility differences in the F1 generations from crossbreeding between the same type CMS lines with different restorers,five homonucleus-alloplasm Gametophyte cytoplasmic male sterile lines were used,they were W15 A,W20A,W34 A,W46A and YA.RAPD（ Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA） amplification,sequencing and crossbreeding were used to display the cytoplasmic diversity and the various restore-maintain relationships.Based on RAPD polymorphism amplification of mitochondrial DNA,the five CMS lines could be divided into three categories,W34 A had the furthest relationship with the others. Via sequence analysis of the orf（ H） 79 gene and the linked segment showed nucleotide variations.Fertility analysis of F1 generations from crossing between the five CMS lines with different restorers showed that most restore-maintain relationships were identical,but differences in several hybridized combinations were also detected.Therefore,the study could provide theoretical guidance for breeding new sterile cytoplasm,hybrid combination design and selection of rice parents to get homonucleus-alloplasm cultivars.