不同强度有氧运动对代谢综合征患者心血管危险因子的干预效果分析

Effects of Aerobic Exercise Intensity on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

目的：为了探究不同强度有氧运动对代谢综合征患者心血管危险因子的影响。方法：以26名中年女性代谢综合征患者为对象,进行实验研究。实验分为中等强度有氧运动组（n=9）、高强度有氧运动组（n=9）和对照组（n=8）,为期12周,每周5次,在跑步机上进行慢跑＋走的运动干预。采用心率储备（heart rate reserve：%HRR）设定运动强度。中等强度为40%~60%HRR,高强度为60%~80%HRR,采用Polar Heart Rate Analyzer（Polar Electro OY,Filand）对运动过程中的心率进行监控。结果：1）实验后,中等强度有氧运动组和高强度有氧运动组的体重、体脂率、腰围、收缩期血压、舒张期血压、总胆固醇、中性脂肪、LDL-c、空腹血糖等指标均显著降低,HDL-c显著升高。中等强度运动组与高强度运动组组间差异不显著。而对照组实验前后各项指标均无显著变化。2）中等强度有氧运动组和高强度有氧运动组的空腹胰岛素、胰岛素抵抗指数、肾素、血管紧张素Ⅱ、C-反应蛋白与实验前相比,均显著降低,对照组未发生显著变化。中等强度有氧运动组和高强度有氧运动组未发生显著性差异。结论：有氧运动对改善代谢综合征患者的心血管危险因子具有积极作用,中等强度有氧运动与高强度有氧运动效果不存在显著差异。由于高强度有氧运动容易引起身心疲劳,存在一定的运动风险,建议代谢综合征患者采用中等强度有氧运动进行练习。

The purpose is to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise intensity on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with metabolic syndrome. The subjects were middle-aged women with metabolic syndrome. The subjects were randomly di- vided into three groups ： moderate-intensity group （ n = 9,40% - 60% HRR ）, high-intensity group （ n = 9,40% - 60% HRR）, and control group（ n = 8 ）. The groups were invited to participate in an exercise program consisting of a treadmill running or walking for 12 weeks with frequency of 5 times per week. The following results were found： firstly ,the weight, percent body fat, waist circumstance, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, Tc, Tg and LDL-c were significantly decreased in both moderate and high-intensity exercise groups after treatment,but the HDL-c levels were significantly increased. There were no differences between moderate-intensity exercise group and high-intensity exercise group. There were no significant changes in the indexes of control group before and after the experiment. Secondly, The in- sulin,insulin resistance, renin-angiotensin Ⅱ levels, C-reactive protein were significantly decreased than those after treatment in both moderate and high-intensity aerobic exercise and those of the control group had no changes. There were no obvious differences between moderate-intensity exercise group and high-intensity exercise group. Conclusions：Aerobic exercise has a positive effect on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with metabolic syndrome, and moderate and high-intensity aerobic exercises have no remarkable differences. Because the high-intensity aerobic exercise can easily lead to physical and mental fatigue, which has a certain risk of exercise, it is suggested that patients with metabolic syndrome should be treated with moderate intensity aerobic exercise.