身体活动不足对成年人体质和健康影响的研究进展

Research Advance on Effect of Physical Inactivity on Physical Fitness and Health

身体活动不足已经成为现代人生活方式的最主要表现,并且已经成为世界范围内的公共卫生问题。对身体活动的内涵和分类进行梳理,确定了身体活动是由骨骼肌收缩产生的任何可以使机体能量消耗高于安静代谢水平的身体动作(包括静力性动作和动力性动作)。探讨了身体活动不足的判定标准,以及与静坐少动行为的关系。从身体活动量的变化对人类身体的体质和健康影响的角度进行分析:1)身体活动不足对成年人体质和健康的累积影响;2)由正常的身体活动量减少到身体活动不足时对体质和健康的影响;3)由身体活动不足提高身体活动量对体质和健康的效益。

Physical inactivity has become the most important manifestation of modem lifestyle and also a worldwide public health problem. In this study, the physical activity of connotation and classification are summarized. The connotation of physical activity is any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in energy expenditure （including static movements and dynamic movements） ＂. It discusses the criteria of physical inactivity, as well as relations with the sedenta- ry behaviors. From the view of the physical inactivity effects on physical fitness and health,we analyze the cumulative im- pact of the physical inactivity, reducing from normal amount of physical activity to inactivity and increasing the level of physical activity.