我国竞技体育竞赛体制的弊端表现、致因及其改革策略

Problems,Causes and Reform Strategies of Competitive Sports' Competition System in China

我国目前已形成了以全运会为龙头,以各单项锦标赛、杯赛、职业联赛为主体,以各类青少年运动项目选拔赛为基础的相对完备的竞赛体制。目前,该体制存在着如下问题:行政壁垒较多,对体育社会组织与市场组织的资源吸纳能力不足;"管办不分",法治建设滞后,腐败与违纪行为频发;"全运会"与"奥运会"之间存在冲突;项目设置结构失衡化等问题。要破解这些问题,一是要消除竞赛体制行政壁垒,积极吸纳社会与市场资源;二是要推进竞赛体制"管办分离",进一步完善相关法律、法规,加大对腐败与违纪行为的处罚力度;三是要改革全运会,使其能够更好地与"奥运争光"战略相协调;四是要优化项目设置,使竞赛体制能更有效地促进竞技体育发展。

China has formed the competition system, taking National Games as the leading events, and taking individual championship and cup, professional league as the main bodies, taking kinds of youth sport trials as the basis. At present, the system has following problems：there exist lots of administrative barriers;the system is insufficient to absorb the resources of sports social organization and market organization; management is not divided and the rule of law construction is lagging behind. All this led to corruption and disciplinary action frequently. National Games are not coordinated to the Olympic Games ; event settings structure is unbalanced, and so on. The strategies to solve these problems includes： firstly, eliminating administrative barriers to actively absorb the social and market resources ; secondly, promoting the separation of manage- ment and running,improve relevant laws and regulations, and increase punishment of corruption and disciplinary action; thirdly, reforming National Games to coordinate with the Olympic Games better;fourthly, optimizing event settings to make competition system more effectively promote the development of competitive sports.