贵州省人口外流对粮食安全的影响及其未来展望

Effect of Population Outflow on Food Security in Guizhou Province and Its Prospect

人口是粮食安全的一个重要影响因素,贵州省土地资源稀缺,粮食生产能力脆弱,长期面临着人口增长和粮食安全的问题。自20世纪90年代以来,贵州省开始出现大规模人口外流,常住人口与户籍人口差距逐步扩大。基于人口外流背景,对贵州省人均粮食和耕地压力研究发现,人口流出在很大程度上提升了贵州省粮食安全水平。未来随着流动人口规模减少,粮食安全压力将逐步增大,贵州省需要树立"食物安全"的观念、加大耕地保护、充分利用国内粮食市场,来保障自身的粮食安全问题。

Population is an important factor of food security. The land resources in Guizhou province are very scarce and the ability of grain production is weak. Guizhou province has long faced the problems of population growth and food security. Since 1990 s, larger number of population began to outflow from Guizhou to other provinces, the gap between the resident population and the registered population was gradually expanding. Based on the background of population outflow, the paper studied the per capita grain and cultivated land pressure in Guizhou province, and found that, with the population outflow from Guizhou province, the level of its food security has been greatly improved. In the future, with the decreasing of the size of the floating population, the pressure of food security will gradually increase. In order to protect its own food security,Guizhou province should strengthen the protection of cultivated land and make full use of domestic grain market, at the same time, establish the concept of ＂food security＂.