咸宁市社区老年人居家护理服务供需调查及原因分析

The investigation and cause analysis on the supply and demand of home care service for the elderly in community of Xianning City

目的调查社区老年人居家护理服务供需现状并分析其相关原因。方法采用社区老年人居家护理服务需求问卷和影响社区卫生服务机构开展居家护理服务因素问卷对523名老年人及120名社区护士进行调查。结果血压监测、血糖监测、相关疾病知识的健康教育、生活方式的健康指导、服药健康指导及心理支持居老年人居家护理服务需求的前6位;社区护士认为影响居家护理开展的前4位因素是人力资源不足、服务风险性高、担心自身安全及没有完善的法律保障。结论社区老年人居家护理供需存在较大差距,主要原因为社区人力资源不足、老年人居家护理工作高风险性、缺乏法律保障、居家护理服务收费及医疗保险制度不完善且老年人经济状况制约其需求等。

Objective To investigate situation of the supply and the demand of home care service for the elderly in community, and analyze the related rea- sons. Methods All of 523 elderly in community were investigated by self- designed home care service demand questionnaire,and 120 community nurses were investigated by self- designed questionnaire for main influencing factors of home care delivery. Results Blood pressure monitoring, glucose monitoring,related health education, life style instruction, medication instruction and psychological support accounted for the top six of the elderly home care service needs. Insuffi- cient human resources, high risk of services, fears for their safety and absence legal protection were the top four factors that influenced care service delivery for the elderly in community. Conclusion The main reasons for the gap are the shortage of human resources, the high risk of home care for the elderly, lack of legal pro- tection, the deficiency of medical insurance system and the economic conditions restricting the demand of elderly.