彩云湖湿地公园7种湿地植物吸氮纳磷能力在不同季节的比较研究

Comparative study on nitrogen and phosphorus absorbency of seven wetland plants in Caiyun lake wetland park in different seasons

通过对7种湿地植物种植单元的进出口水质指标(TN、TP)、单位面积植物生物量、不同部位氮磷浓度及贮存量进行了测定,分析比较了各湿地植物在不同季节的吸氮纳磷能力。实验结果表明:7种植物种植单元氮平均去除率范围在44.00%~70.29%,磷的去除率范围在49.98%~70.85%;植物株高和生物量增长在不同季节存在明显差异,春夏季节植物株高和地上部分生物量增长速率最快;7种湿地植物相同部位的氮磷浓度存在差异,且同种植物的地上地下部分氮磷浓度也存在差异性。运用Two-way ANOVA分析表明,植物体内氮磷浓度受季节影响差异大于植物种间的差异;单位面积的地上部分氮磷贮存量显著高于地下部分,且不同植物间的氮磷贮存量也有显著差异。因此,根据植物的不同季节的氮磷贮存量可以明确适当的收割时期,并选择搭配不同组合模式,保证植物吸收在整个季节对人工湿地的较高贡献。

In the current study,the quality parameters（ TN and TP） of the water from the inlet and outlet of an area were examined where seven species of wetland plants were planted. In addition,plant biomass per unit area and N and P concentrations in different plant parts were recorded. N and P absorbencies of the wetland plants in different seasons were analyzed and compared. The experimental results show that the average removal rates of N and P by the planting area varies from 44. 00% to 70. 29% and 49. 98% to 70. 85%,respectively. There are significant differences in plant stem and biomass growth among different seasons,with the fastest growth rates of plant stems and terrestrial biomass occurring in spring and summer. There are distinct differences in the N and P concentrations in the same parts of the seven wetland plant species. In addition,there is a difference in the N and P concentrations between the terrestrial and underground parts of the same plant. Through two-way ANOVA analysis,it was shown that the differences in the N and P concentrations of the plants resulting from different seasons were bigger than those from different species were. The N and P storage capacities per area of the aboveground parts of the plants were higher than the underground parts were. In addition,there is apparent disparity in the N and P storage capacities of different species. Accordingly,appropriate harvest time and optimal composite modes of species can be inferred,according to the seasonal variations in the N and P storage capacities of the plants,contributing to a high absorbency of N and P in plants in artificial wetlands.