基于蒙特卡罗模拟程序MCNP在人体模型中辐射剂量估算研究进展

The Application of MCNP and Human Body Models in the Progress of Radiation Dose Estimation

辐射来源于放射性核素或射线发生装置,对人体有严重危害,并且辐射事故中人体受照剂量估算也是一大难点。辐射防护用参考人模型是用于人体辐射剂量估算的人体体模,MCNP是基于蒙特卡罗方法的模拟程序,可用于人体受辐照过程模拟,它们在辐射剂量估算中都有重大作用。为了研究既快速又准确的辐射剂量估算方法,本文从辐射防护用参考人模型的建立、应用和国内外最新发展,以及蒙特卡罗模拟程序MCNP的原理和最新研究作一综述。

Radiation is from radionuclides or X - ray generator, it is harmful to human body, and dose estimation in radiation accidents is also a big difficulty. The reference models of radiation protection are used in the human body radiation dose estimation, and MCNP is based on the Monte Carlo method, also can be used in the process of radiation exposure. They all have a major role in the radiation dose estimation. In order to get a good method for estimating the radiation dose, a summary based on the radiation protection with reference model establishment, development and application at home and abroad, as well as the principles and applications of MCNP has been taken.