印度大都市区治理：制度结构、实践困境及其原因分析

Metropolitan Governance of India: Institutional Structure, Practical Dilemma and Cause Analysis

印度城市化进程中逐渐形成了若干大都市区,这些大都市区借鉴国际大都市区治理经验,结合自身实践,建构了三种主要的大都市区制度结构,即加尔各答模式、班加罗尔模式和孟买模式。这三种大都市区制度结构的共同特点是在大都市区层面建立了统一的治理机构,便于协调大都市区内各个治理机构的行动。但是,在实践中,印度大都市区治理面临碎片化、效率低下、公共服务递送不足、腐败严重等困境。这些困境主要是由印度大都市区制度结构的内在缺陷。

With the process of urbanization, several metropolitan areas have been formed gradually in India. Three institutional structures of metropolitan governance were built, combining with the practice of itself and the experience of the international metropolitan governance. The common characteristic of these three institutional structures of metropolitan area is the establishment of a unified governance institution at the level of metropolitan area, so that they can facilitate the coordination of different metropolitan governance institutions. But, in practice, metropolitan governance of India is disturbed by fragmentation, inefficiency in the delivery of services and serious corruption, which was caused by internal defects of institutional structure of metropolitan governance, path-dependence of urbanization and inappropriate decentralized institution.