“塞音+流音”型复辅音在彝语及其亲属语言中的音变分析

Sound Changes of Consonant Clusters Composed of Plosive and Liquid in Yi(彝) Dialects and Related Languages

"双唇塞音+流音"型和"软腭塞音+流音"型复辅音声类在彝语方言中的演化对应,有着各自倾向的语音演化路径,大致说来,或弛化脱落为基辅音形式,或腭化耦合为常见塞擦音形式,或特征投射为周边部位的辅音形式,并且均依清浊、送气与否等特征基本对应成完整序列,在地理分布上也呈现一定的规律性。同时,相同声类在其他缅彝诸语言中的演化形式,还保留了分布较为广泛的"基辅音+腭介音"形式,在一定程度上反映了历史音变的不同阶段。

Either bilabial-plosive or velar-plosive combining with Liquid can constitute the specific consonant clusters, which have their own choice in the phonetic evolution of Yi（彝） dialects. These evolving forms typically can be shown as basic consonants with slackness, peripheral consonants with attribution mapping, or common affricates with palatalization or coupling. And all correspondences form relatively well-ordered rows according to the feature of voiced vs voiceless and aspirated vs unaspirated, as well as present certain regularity in geographic distribution. Meanwhile, the evolution of the same initial category in other Burman-Yi（彝） languages, also retain the widespread combination of basic consonants and palatal medials, to a certain extent reflecting the different stages of phonetic chains.