生存困境与发展必要:绥远基础教育及对内蒙古扫盲运动的影响

Survival plight and the necessary of Development:the primary education of suiyuan province and it's influence to the Literacy education of The Inner Mongolia autonomous region

绥远省是民国时塞北四省之一,1914年袁世凯当政时将其从山西分出,并与兴和道组建为绥远特别区,1928年建立绥远省,至1954年并入今日内蒙古自治区(以下简称自治区)。近代绥远地区,尤其日本侵略后,处境危机四伏,加之当时本地封建势力和统治阶层的疯狂掠夺,使当地社会民众生存举步维艰,这也对教育事业的发展产生了较大影响。教育事业凋零破碎,基础教育举步艰难、教育工作者受到迫害。千里草原上的文盲和半文盲的比重高达90%以上,高于全国80%的平均线。近代绥远基础教育事业发展艰难及对文盲的出现的影响极为深切。新中国成立后,自治区社会政治、经济、文化教育等工作的开展都需要人民的参与,扫盲运动的开展也是十分必要的。

suiyuan is one of the four provinces in saibei.It was divided from shanxi province in 1914,and combine with xinghedao as suiyuan especialy zero.Set up suiyuan provience in 1928.until 1954,become a part of the inner mongolia autonomous region.In modern times,suiyuan prvince was occupated by japan,in this region,there are so many feudal forces,the masses of the people＇s life were very hardship.it is also influence the development of education career,most people haven＇t the opportunity to study.In this region,there were more than 90% people couldn＇t read and write.So,after the founding of the people＇s republic china,it is necessary to development the education,the first difficult is solve people＇s learning how to read and write.On the other hand,the economic and education,etc.there are also need to solve people＇s education.