论史传对《搜神记》的影响

On the Influence of Historical Biography On Sou Shen Ji

作为成熟较早的叙事文体,史传对志怪小说《搜神记》有着多方面的影响。首先,史传的实录精神对干宝辑录《搜神记》的态度影响较大。实录精神不仅体现在干宝对材料的处理上,还在于他采用了史传常用的全知视角。其次,史官"究天人之际"的创作目标也对《搜神记》影响较大。干宝不仅仅对神异的事件进行记录,而是立足于现实,力图解释这些事件与历史兴废的关联,探究历史发展的规律。再次,史家"惩恶扬善"的道德观念也对《搜神记》有着影响。最后,以人物为中心、叙述干预、语言简洁等史传叙事笔法也对《搜神记》影响较大。

Historical biography,the early works written in mature narrative style,exerts great influence on Sou Shen Ji in many aspects.Faithfulness to the truth in historical biography greatly influences the attitude of Gan Bao＇s compiling of Sou Shen Ji.This can be seen in his disposal of materials.Historiographers＇ writing target of＂studying the relation between human being and nature＂also influences the composition of Sou Shen Ji.Gan Bao not only presents the mysterious tales faithfully,but also tries to explore the relationship between those tales and the changing of history.Gao Bao is also influenced by historians＇ moral ideas and the ways of expression in history biography.