小麦蚜虫对六种杀虫剂的抗药性及田间药效评价

Resistance of wheat aphids to six insecticides and assessment of their field efficacy

【目的】为了掌握山东小麦蚜虫对常用杀虫剂的抗药性及田间防治效果,进一步筛选出对小麦蚜虫高效、低毒的药剂品种。【方法】2013-2014年,采用玻璃管药膜法测定了山东省阳谷县和汶上县小麦蚜虫对6种杀虫剂（吡虫啉、高效氯氰菊酯、氧乐果、溴氰菊酯、抗蚜威和氟啶虫胺腈）的抗药性,并于2015年采用田间小区试验的方法在汶上县对8种杀虫剂防治蚜虫田间效果进行了评价。【结果】除了2014年阳谷县禾谷缢管蚜Rhopalosiphum padi种群对高效氯氰菊酯已经产生低水平抗性外,两地区禾谷缢管蚜其他种群和麦长管蚜Sitobion avenae对这6种杀虫剂的敏感性均较高,处于敏感水平。田间防治试验结果表明,50%氟啶虫胺腈WG、20%啶虫脒WP、10%吡虫啉WP和50%抗蚜威WP速效性好,药后3 d对麦蚜的防治效果达76.9%-85.6%;50%氟啶虫胺腈WG、20%啶虫脒WP、10%吡虫啉WP、40%氧乐果EC、25%吡蚜酮WP、50%抗蚜威WP和40%毒死蜱EC持效性好,药后7 d对麦蚜的防治效果达80.0%-97.5%;25 g/L高效氯氟氰菊酯EC药后7 d对麦蚜的防效仅为74.8%,极显著低于其他药剂。【结论】在小麦生产中,可选用高效低毒的氟啶虫胺腈、啶虫脒、吡虫啉、抗蚜威和吡蚜酮对小麦蚜虫进行防治,注意不同类型药剂之间的轮换和交替使用。

【Aim】This study aims to assess the current status of insecticide resistance in wheat aphids and the field trial efficacy of some common insecticides to these pests in Shandong Province,so as to screen highly effective and low toxic insecticides to wheat aphids. 【Methods】Two field populations of wheat aphids were collected from Yanggu and Wenshang in Shandong Province during 2013-2014.Resistance levels of the two field populations to six insecticides（ imidacloprid,beta-cypermethrin,omethoate,deltamethrin,pirimicarb and sulfoxaflor） were tested by residual film methods,and the control efficacy of 8 insecticides was evaluated using field trials in 2015. 【Results】The bioassay results showed that the field populations of Rhopalosiphum padi and Sitobion avenae remained sensitive to the six insecticides in 2013 and 2014,except that the Yanggu population of R. padi developed a low-level resistance to beta-cypermethrin in 2014. Comprehensive evaluation of field efficacy indicated that sulfoxaflor 50% WG,acetamiprid 20% WP,imidacloprid 10% WP and pirimicarb 50% WP had quickacting property on wheat aphids,and the control efficacy was 76. 9%-85. 6% at 3 d after treatment.Sulfoxaflor 50% WG,acetamiprid 20% WP,imidacloprid 10% WP,omethoate 40% EC,pymetrozine25% WP,pirimicarb 50% WP and chlorpyrifos 40% EC had long persistent effects on wheat aphids,and the control efficacy was 80. 0%-97. 5% at 7 d after treatment. The control efficacy of lambdacyhalothrin 25 g/L EC against wheat aphids was only 74. 9% at 7 d after treatment,significantly lower than that of other insecticides. 【Conclusion 】 These results suggest that sulfoxaflor, acetamiprid,imidacloprid,pirimicarb and pymetrozine have high efficacy on wheat aphids,and these insecticides should be used alternately in the control of field wheat aphids.