油桐二代优树及控制授粉子代光合特性的比较研究

Comparisons of photosynthetic characteristics among second generation superior trees and control-pollinated progenies in Vemicia fordii

为了研究油桐二代优树及控制授粉子代光合效率及其光合特性参数之间的差异情况,从而筛选出高光效的品种,以湖南、湖北、重庆、四川、广西、贵州等省区的不同品系二代优树及控制授粉子代植株为试材,利用Li-6400便携式光合测定系统,对其主要光合性状指标进行了测定与分析。结果表明:(1)油桐二代优树光合效率存在一定差异,利用聚类分析,可将12个不同种源的二代优树划分为3类,其中,‘红岩3号’‘五家铺26号’‘五家铺35号’‘芦溪2号’‘五家铺42号’‘西岐1号’和‘红岩4号’的光合特性均较优;(2)不同优树自交、杂交子代的光合特性之间有所差异,杂交子代具有一定的杂种优势;(3)油桐主要光合特性参数之间存在着一定的相关性,净光合速率(P_n)与气孔导度(G_s)、蒸腾速率(T_r)间均存在显著正相关性,而与胞间二氧化碳浓度(C_i)间却存在显著负相关性;(4)影响油桐净光合速率(P_n)的主要生理指标为蒸腾速率、气孔导度、胞间CO_2浓度。

In order to research the differences of photosynthetic efficiencies and parameters among second generation superior trees and control-pollinated progenies in Vernicia fordii, to screen some cultivars with high photosynthetic efficiency, using some second generation superior trees and control-pollinated progenies from different strains in different areas as materials, the main photosynthesis characteristic indexes were measured by Li-6400 portable photosynthesis system and determined. The results showed that photosynthetic efficiencies among the second generation superior trees existed a certain differences. The second generation superior trees from 12 provenances were divided into three clusters, and photosynthetic characteristics of ＇Hongyan No.3＇, ＇Wujiapu No.26＇, ＇Wujiapu No.35＇, ＇Luxi No.2＇, ＇Wujiapu No.42＇, ＇Xiqi No. l＇ and ＇Hongyan No.4＇were better. Photosynthetic characteristics between selfing and hybrid progenies from different superior trees had some differences, and the hybrid progenies had a certain heterosis. There was a certain correlation between the main photosynthetic characteristic parameters, net photosynthetic rate （Pn） was significant positive correlated with stomatal conductance （Gs） and transpiration rate （Tr）, and it was significant negative correlated with intercellular C02 concentration （Ci）. The main physiological indexes affected Pn value in Efordii were transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration.