南北产区不同品种漆树种仁含油率及漆油成分分析

Oil content in lacquer kernels from south and north production areas and composition analysis of lacquer oil

摘要：为给漆油的研究和开发利用提供理论依据，以不同产区不同品种漆树果实（以下简称漆籽）为试材，利用索氏提取法和气相色谱．质谱联用法，测定了漆籽种仁的含油率和漆油脂肪酸成分。结果表明：（1）南北漆树产区4个不同品种漆树种仁含油率分别为20．04％、21．03％、16．03％、15．07％，差异显著，且南方产区漆树种仁含油率高于北方产医（2）南方产区漆油中脂肪酸成分至少有20种，其中主要脂肪酸含量占总脂肪酸含量（测定到的脂肪酸含量）的97．95％以上（含97．95％）；北方产区漆油中脂肪酸成分至少有21种，其中主要脂肪酸含量占总脂肪酸含量（测定到的脂肪酸含量）的97．28％以上（含97．28％）；（3）南北漆树产区不同品种的漆油在主要不饱和脂肪酸和饱和脂肪酸的构成上，存在较大差别。4个不同品种漆油中不饱和脂肪酸占总脂肪酸含量百分比在78．26％～83．00％之间，最大差值为4．7％。（4）二十三烷酸和十五烷酸等2种脂肪酸在南北产区漆油之间存在质的差别。

In order to provide some theoretical basis for researching, developing and utilizing of lacquer oil, using different varieties of lacquer kernels from different production areas as materials, oil content in lacquer kernels and fatty acid compositions in lacquer oil were determined through the Soxhlet extraction and GC-MS method. The results showed that： （1） The oil content in four varieties of lacquer kernels from the south and north production areas were 20.04%, 21.03%, 16.03%, and 15.07%, respectively, and the differences were significantly. The oil content in lacquer kernels from the south production areas was higher than that from the north production areas. （2） There were 20 kinds of the fatty acids in lacquer oil from the south production areas at least, and the rate of the main fatty acid content to total fatty acid content was over 97.95% （including 97.95%）. There were 21 kinds of the fatty acids in lacquer oil from the north production areas, and the rate of the main fatty acid content to total fatty acid content was over 97.28% （including 97.28%）. （3） The composition of main unsaturated fatty and saturated fatty acid in different varieties of lacquer Oil from the south and north production areas had obvious differences. The rates of the main unsaturated fatty acid content to total fatty acid content in the four varieties of lacquer oil ranged from 78.26% to 83.00%, and the maximum difference was 4.7%. （4） The composition of the fatty acids was significantly different between the south and north production areas, such as tricosoic acid and pentadecane acid.