农产品中微量营养素含量下降原因综合分析与应对策略

Comprehensive Analysis on Decline of Micronutrients Concentration in Agricultural Products and Countermeasures

近年来,我国农产品综合生产能力稳步提高,食物供需基本平衡,居民营养状况明显改善,但仍存在营养不足与营养过剩问题,尤其是因微量元素缺乏导致的"隐性饥饿"及营养性慢性疾病呈高发态势。自20世纪60年代"绿色革命"以来,农作物栽培技术和育种技术的进步使农产品产量增加,而许多研究表明,单位体积农作物产品中部分营养素,尤其是微量营养素含量有下降趋势,对农作物中微量营养素形成了"稀释效应",导致单位体积营养素含量的下降。本文综述了国内外关于农产品微量营养素含量变化的研究进展,提出深入开展农作物营养品质分析研究、建立对主要农产品微量营养素含量监测体系、从食物生产源头入手提升农作物营养品质,为增进国民营养健康提供优质的食用农产品等政策建议。

The production capacity of China＇s agricultural products has improved steadily in recent years,the supplying and demanding of food in China has been basically balanced and the nutritional status of residents has improved significantly. However,there still exists problems of insufficient nutrition and excess nutrients,especially in the＂hidden hunger＂and the high incidence of chronic diseases caused by lack of micronutrient. The output of agricultural products increased owing to the progress of crop cultivation and breeding techniques since the sixties of the 20 th century,namely＂green revolution＂,but many results showed that the content of some nutrients,especially micronutrients,decreased in unit volume of crops,which caused dilution effect on micronutrients in crops,resulting in the decrease of nutrient content per unit volume. This paper reviewed the research advancemts about the micronutrient declining of agricultural products. It is proposed to carry out the analysis and research on the nutritional quality of crops,establish major agricultural products micronutrient element content monitoring system,improve the nutritional quality of crops from the produce section,afford high-quality edible agricultural products to improve people＇s nutrition and health.