麻醉药品和精神药品管制研究Ⅲ——英国管制药品的管制历程与现状

Study on Narcotics and Psychotropic Substances Control(Part Ⅲ):Development and Status Quo of Controlled Drugs Control in Britain

目的:研究英国管制药品的管制历程及现状,为我国麻醉药品和精神药品管制提供依据。方法:通过检索收集国内外数据库、新闻报道、国际网站中有关英国管制药品的文献、报道与政策等,对英国管制历程及现状进行整理研究。结果与结论:英国对管制药品的管制始于1868年的《药房法》,是国际上最早通过立法方式进行管制的国家。随后,英国先后颁布了《罗伦斯顿报告》和2份《布莱恩报告》,建立并完善了独特的"英国体系",最终形成了公共卫生防治与司法惩治相结合的"双管齐下"管制方式。目前,管制药品在《药品滥用法案》的基础上,由内政部下属的药品滥用咨询委员会、严重有组织犯罪局和国家药品滥用治疗机构进行分类管制。

OBJECTIVE：To study the development and status quo of controlled drugs control in Britain,and to provide evidence for narcotics and psychotropic substances（NPS）control in China. METHODS：The development and status quo of NPS control by Britain were summarized and studied through retrieving and collecting literatures,reports and policies about NPS from domestic and foreign databases,news reports and international website. RESULTS CONCLUSIONS：British control for controlled drugs dated back to Pharmacy Act in 1868,and Britain was the first country to control drugs by legislations. A unique British system of narcotics control was established and improved after issued Rolleston Report and two pieces of Brain Report in Britain. Finally,the British system of narcotics control was established,which combined public health prevention with judicial redress. At present,controlled drugs are classified and controlled by Advisory Committee on Drug Abuse,Serious Organised Crime Agency and National Drug Abuse Treatment Agency subordinated to Ministry of Interior,based on Misuse of Drugs Act.