全球价值链、供给侧结构性改革与外贸发展方式转变

Global value chain, supply-side structure reform and transformation of foreign trade development mode

传统国际分工条件下外贸通常被理解为"需求侧",然而,在全球价值链分工条件下,发展外贸其实更多的是融入全球生产体系所表现出的"外在流转",故而发展外贸的深层次问题,本质上属于参与全球生产即"供给侧"问题。外贸的基本内涵和范畴,也随即演化为既包括传统进出口也包括要素跨境流动等在内的"大外贸"。当前,全球经济进入深度调整期及中国经济进入新常态,简单地将中国纳入全球价值链分工体系来发展对外贸易的传统方式遭遇了巨大挑战,亟待转变外贸发展方式,而究其实质,就是要转变融入全球价值链分工体系的方式。其中,适应乃至引领当前全球价值链发展变化的新趋势,才能在应对挑战和抓住机遇中更好地实现上述"转变",这客观上要求在"大外贸"内的各领域加快推进供给侧结构性改革。

In traditional international division of labor, foreign trade was usually interpreted as ＂demand-side＂. However, in the division of labor under global value chain, the development of foreign trade was the ＂external circulation＂ manifested in a large degree when integrating into the global production system. Therefore, the issue of foreign trade development belongs to ＂supply-side＂ issue participating in global production in essence. The basic connotation and category of foreign trade also became the ＂Big Foreign Trade＂ which includes traditional import and export, cross-border flows of elements, etc. Currently, global economy has entered into the period of deep adjustment, and China＇ s economy has entered into new normal status. Traditional methods in which we develop foreign trade by simply binding China into labor division system under global value chain were faced with huge challenges. So it is urgent to change the way of foreign trade development. Essentially, we should change the way of integrating into the global value chain＇ s division of labor. Only if we adapt to or lead the new trend of global value chain＇ s development,can we respond to the challenges and seize opportunities to better achieve the above ＂changes＂. Objectively, it requires us to accelerate the supply-side structural reform in different fields of ＂Big Foreign Trade＂.