认罪认罚自愿性判断标准及其保障

The Voluntariness Doctrine of Guilty plea and its Guarantee

认罪认罚从宽制度是当前司法改革的重点问题。做好试点工作,积极推行认罪认罚从宽制度,需要慎重解决被告人认罪认罚自愿性、律师辩护和被告人撤回权等问题。为确保被告人认罪认罚的自愿性,应明确自愿性和明知性的客观判定标准,以权利告知书和证据开示制度强化被告人知悉权,以律师参与及法院审查保障被告人自愿认罪认罚;对于律师辩护,应发挥现有值班律师制度的作用,明确值班律师以法律帮助人的身份协助被告人认罪认罚,设置辩护律师在认罪认罚程序中提出错误建议导致被告人不利益的救济机制;对于被告人认罪认罚的撤回权,应将其区分为自由撤回、限制撤回及例外撤回三类,并明确其行使程序等问题。

The leniency system of guilty plea is a significant issue in judicial reform. In order to ensure the voluntariness,we should clarify the objective standards of voluntariness and knowingness. The defendant must be informed with the full notice of rights as well as the system of discovery. The assistance of counsel and approval by court are another two ways to ensure the voluntariness of plea of guilty and acceptance of punishment. Concerning the assistance of counsel, duty counsel system should be introduced. To be specific, counsels should assist the defendants as legal aiders rather than defense counsels. Additionally,to protect the defendant from ineffective assistance of counsel,relief mechanism should be introduced as well.