适用于多层住宅楼结构的无线智能水表抄表系统

Smart wireless water meter reading system for multi-story residential buildings

针对通用无线传感器网络(WSN)平台无法满足无线智能水表抄表系统(SWWMRS)低成本、低功耗、高效和高可靠性等方面实际应用需求的问题,设计并实现了一种改进的无线智能水表抄表系统。该系统以适合多层住宅楼结构的抄表应用为目标,结合无线智能水表抄表系统特点、部署环境特征和抄表业务逻辑,提出了一种改进的全网络节点邻接链路发现算法来实现自动组网和集中式的路由管理,在抄表过程中,采用最小化全局转发次数的策略结合最小剩余能量节点避免策略来均衡节点能耗,同时,优化了媒体访问控制(MAC)层防碰撞机制和低功耗空闲监听方案。最后,选取了一栋常规结构的24层居民楼进行测试。实验结果表明:系统在通信距离、功耗、可靠性等方面均能满足实际应用需要,对比通用WSN平台CC2530,系统在通信距离、抄表成功率、效率和功耗方面具有一定的优势。

Smart Wireless Water Meter Reading System （SWWMRS） built on the conventional Wireless Sensor Network （WSN） platform can not meet the requirements of low cost, low power consumption, high efficiency and high reliability in practice. In this work, a novel SWWMRS for typical multi-story buildings was proposed. Based on the feature of the SWWMRS and deployment environment as well as the business logic, an improved algorithm for all neighbor discoveries was proposed to achieve automatic networking and centralized routing management. At the meter reading stage, a minimum global forward strategy with a minimum residual energy nodes avoidance strategy were adopted to balance the energy consumption between nodes. Additionally, the mechanism to avoid confliction in Media Access Control （MAC） layer and the low power idle listening strategy were optimized. The testing results for the proposed system in a 24-story residential building show that the system performance of communication distance, power consumption and reliability can meet the needs of the practical applications. Meanwhile, compared with CC2530 scheme, better performance in communication distance, meter reading success rate. efficiency and Dower consumption can be achieved.