“江村调查”的历程、传承及“江村学”的创建

Historic Process and Mission of “Jiangcun”Fieldwork:Initiation of Jiangsun-ology

"江村"是费孝通两次学术生命的起点,社会学、人类学的实验室,世界观察中国社会的窗口。费孝通开创的江村调查将社会学和人类学融为一体,研究本民族的文明社区,开拓了人类学的新领域,打破了西方人类学固化了的"文明"与"野蛮"之别,具有里程碑的意义。江村调查成就了费孝通的事业,也使费孝通的事业遭逢挫折,造成了无法挽回的损失。"文化大革命"结束后,社会学重见光明,费孝通获得新生,重回江村,又走出江村,并延伸到小城镇、大中城市和经济区域等宏观领域,使江村调查更加兴盛,为人民生活富裕和学科发展做出了重大历史贡献。江村调查事业后继有人,研究成果不断涌现,创建"江村学",是历史的使命,这将有利于促进江村调查研究的深入和社会学中国学派的凸现。

＂Jiangcun＂is an important social experiment place of Chinese sociology and anthropology development,and also takes the role of the window to understand China society.Fei Xiaotong started＂Jiangcun＂fieldwork with new horizon of anthropology research,which is the milestone breaking through the boundary of civilization and barbarian distinction in traditional anthropology. ＂Jiangcun＂is the new starting point of Fei Xiaotong＇s academic life after Cultural Revolution.Based on the several new field studies in ＂Jiangcun＂,Fei Xiaotong extends his research to small towns,urban and regional development.Furthermore,a lot of new academic findings and achievements on ＂Jiangcun＂has been produced since 1980.It is necessary to develop a new research area as ＂Jiangcun-ology＂,which is beneficial to the further studies of ＂Jiangcun＂and help highlight the Chinese school of sociology.