2013-2015年综合医院医院感染现患率调查与分析

Prevalence Rates of Nosocomial Infection From 2013 to 2015 in a General Hospital

目的了解医院感染的现患率及其动态变化情况,为以后的医院感染预防控制工作提供指导和依据。方法采用病例调查结合床旁体检的方式于2013-11-20、2014-06-25及2015-07-28(0:00~24:00)调查湖北医药学院附属襄阳医院湖北医药学院附属襄阳医院所有的住院患者进行医院感染的现患率调查,并对结果进行录入分析。结果三次调查的平均医院感染现患率为2.75%,平均例次感染率为2.90%,医院感染现患率前5位的科室为ICU、神经外科、肿瘤科、神经内科和骨科。医院感染高发部位为下呼吸道、上呼吸道和泌尿系统。3年间共分离培养出病原菌128株,革兰阴性菌为主。抗菌药物的平均使用率为28.8%,呈轻微升高趋势。结论湖北医药学院附属襄阳医院湖北医药学院附属襄阳医院医院感染现患率及抗菌药物使用情况都符合要求,但是在重点科室及重点部位的医院感染防控还需加强。

Objective To investigate the prevalence rate of nosocomial infection and its dynamic changes so as to provide guidance and evidence for nosocomial infection prevention and control in hospitals. Methods The prevalence rates of nosocomial infection in all inpatients in Xiangyang Hospital affiliated to Hubei University of Medicine were investigated by means of case investigation in combination with bedside examination on November 20th, 2013, June 25th, 2014 and July 28th, 2015 （0：00 - 24： 00）. Results The average prevalence rate of nosocomial infection was 2.75%, the average case -time infection rate was 2. 90%. The top five departments with high nosoeomial infection rates were ICU and departments of neurosurgery, ontology, neurology and ortho- pedics. The lower respiratory tract, upper respiratory tract and urinary system were the major infection sites. A total of 128 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated, among which the gram - negative were predominant. The average use rate of antimicrobial agents was 28.8% and showed a slight increasing tendency. Conclusion The prevalence rate of nosocomial infection and use of antimicrobial agents both meet the criteria, but preven- tion and control of nosocomial infection in key departments and key sites should still be enhanced.