珙县燃煤污染型氟中毒防治效果评价

Assessment of Effectiveness Coal-burning Fluorosis in Gongxian County

目的评价珙县燃煤污染型氟中毒防治效果。方法 2012-10/2013-09,在全县选择5个乡5个病区村进行燃煤污染型氟中毒防治效果现场调查。在每个病区村,对8~12岁所有儿童进行氟斑牙检查,并采集50份尿样,测定尿氟,对所有居民户进行入户调查,了解居民户炉灶使用及玉米、辣椒的干燥情况。2013-09对珙县县级现场调查的5个病区村进行燃煤污染型氟中毒防治效果省级考核。在每个病区村,对8~12岁所有儿童进行氟斑牙检查,并随机抽取10户家庭,调查居民户炉灶使用及使用玉米、辣椒的干燥情况。氟斑牙诊断采用《氟斑牙诊断标准》(WS/T208-2011),尿氟测定采用《尿中氟的离子选择电极法》(WS/T89-1996)。结果县级现场调查氟斑牙检出率为13.20%(47/356);改良炉灶合格率为99.20%(2 486/2 506),改良炉灶正确使用率为99.84%(2 482/2 486)。玉米和辣椒的正确干燥率为99.12%(2 484/2506),玉米的正确保存率为96.56%(2 420/2 506),辣椒的正确保存率为95.69%(2 398/2 506)。尿氟几何均值为0.52mg/L。省级考核调查氟斑牙检出率为12.79%(33/258),改良炉灶合格率、正确使用率均为100.00%(50/50,50/50);玉米、辣椒的正确干燥率均为100.00%(50/50,50/50),正确保存率均为100.00%(50/50,50/50)。结论珙县5个病区村均达到了燃煤污染型氟中毒病区消除标准。

Objective To assess the effectiveness of coal - burning fluorosis in Gongxian county. Methods During Oct. 2012 to Sep. 2013,5 epidemic villages in 5 townships were conducted field investigation on the effectiveness of coal - burning fluorosis control. In each of the village , children with age of 8 - 12 years old were examined dental fluorosis and 50 urine samples were collected and were determined the urinary fluoride. All the residents were conducted household survey to understand the status of stove usage and drying corn and pepper. The diagnosis of dental fluorosis was referred by diagnosis standard of dental fluorosis （ WS/T208 - 2011 ） and determination of urine fluorine was referred by Ion selective electrode method （WS/T89-1996）. Results The detection rate of urine fluorine was 13.20% （ 47/356 ）. The qualified rate of upgraded stove was 99.20% （2 486/2 506） and the rate of correct usage of the stove was 99.84% （2 420/2 506）. The correct preserving rate of pepper was 95.69% （2 398/2 506 ）. The geometric mean value of urine fluorine was 0. 52 mg/L. The detec-tion rate of dental fluorosis was 12. 79% （33/1 258） and the qualified rate and correct use rate of stove were both 100. 00%. The correct rate of drying pepper was 100. 00% and the correct preserving rate was 100. 00% （50/50）. Conclusion The 5 epidemic villages have reached the standard of eliminating coal - burning fluorosis.