浅论清末民初章士钊的政党思想

On the Political Party Thought of Zhang Shizhao from 1898 to 1919

章士钊是中国近代史上著名的思想家和理论家,他注意观察和研究近代民主政治,尤其是政党政治,他强调党纲的重要性,推崇英国式的政党内阁制,并由此提出了毁党造党说,即政党和国内政治资源的重新优化组合,一方面,所谓党者尽毁之,既毁其名又毁其实,另一方面,造有党纲之党,在国内形成两大政党对抗的局面。毁党造党说轰动一时,但因不符合中国的国情而遭到失败。

Zhang Shizhao is a famous thinker and theoretician in Chinese modern history,who observed and studied modern democratic politics, especially party politics. He stressed the importance of party platform, admired British party-cabinet system,and thus proposed the theory of ruining a party to establish another,to optimize political parties and domestic political resources. On the one hand, utmost ruins a party, on the other hand, establishes another party with party platform, which formed confrontation between the two major political parties. The theory of ruining a party to establish another made a sensation,but do not meet China＇ s national conditions and failed.