锂离子电池低温电解液研究进展

Progress of low-temperature electrolyte for lithium-ion battery

锂离子电池低温存储技术是智慧城市发展的关键之一。商用电解液在低温下易凝固、阻抗高限制了锂离子电池的进一步应用。因此电解液的优化成为改善锂离子电池低温性能的研究热点之一。本文介绍了低温电解液的研究进展。综述了温度对锂离子电池充放电影响,提出电解液改性是提高锂离子电池低温性能的关键。低温电解液的改性主要包括锂盐、溶剂和添加剂等方面,并对锂离子电池低温性能的下一步研究进行了展望。低温电解液锂盐的研究重点在于发展具有低电荷转移阻抗和宽温范围的新体系锂盐,低温电解液溶剂的研究重点在于发展具有高介电常数的EC溶剂与低熔点的PC溶剂混合体系,低温电解液添加剂的研究重点在于传统添加剂与新型添加剂的联用。

Lithium-ion battery （LIBs） play a key role in development of Smart City. The commercial electrolyte always restricts application of LIBs due to low melting point and high resistance at low temperature. This paper first reviews the recent development of LIBs low-temperature electrolyte in the aspect of lithium-salt, solvents and additives. And proposes temperature is the critical factor for LIBs capabitity. The challenges and future trends of low-temperature electrolyte are also discussed. Low-temperature electrolyte lithium salts should be developed with new lithium salts system; Low-temperature electrolyte solvents should be developed with EC-PC blend system; Low-temperature electrolyte additives should be connected traditional organic additives with new additives.