针灸疗法与针灸专科的差异及其国际标准化探讨

Differences and international standardization between acupuncture as therapy and as specialty

探讨针灸疗法与针灸专科的定义差异、临床角色差异及其国际标准化,为针灸专科化和国际化提供参考证据。针灸疗法因临床疗效及安全性赢得部分世人的信赖,但也存在一定的争议;而针灸专科鲜有较为公允的定义及国际先例可循。因此,客观地为针灸疗法与针灸专科比较定义差异、确立临床角色及制定国际认可标准便格外重要。笔者认为针灸标准化最好能够借鉴国际医学标准、循证医学等并结合针灸学理论,从以下3个重要项目开始入手:一是针灸疗法安全性和禁忌证;二是针灸疗法适应证及其诊疗规范;三是把针灸疗法适应证等级化成为"3级循证针灸病谱",作为规范针灸专科适应证的客观证据。

The purpose of this study is to explore the differences of definition and clinical roles as well as international standardization between acupuncture as therapy and as specialty,which can provide reference evidence for specialization and internationalization of acupuncture.Owing to the clinical efficacy and safety,the credibility and controversy both exist in acupuncture;moreover,there is a lack of fair definition and international precedent regarding acupuncture specialty.Therefore,it is particularly essential to objectively compare the differences of definitions and clinical roles as well as criteria of international standardization for acupuncture as therapy and as specialty.It is believed acupuncture standardization can draw lessons from the international medical standards,evidence-based medicine and acupuncture theory from the following three major projects：acupuncture safety and contraindications;acupuncture indications and treatment guidelines;acupuncture indication classified into 3 levels of evidence-based acupuncture disease spectrum,as objective evidence of indication of acupuncture specialty.