溶剂热法合成花状Co_3O_4微球及其对高氯酸铵热分解的催化作用

Solvothermal Synthesis of Flower-like Co_3O_4 Microspheres and Their Catalytic Performance for Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate

以醋酸钴为原料,在甲醇体系中采用溶剂热法合成了由纳米片自组装而成的花状(CH_3O)_2Co前驱体微球。将前驱体焙烧后,得到了形貌保持良好的花状多孔Co_3O_4微球。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、热重(TG)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和N_2吸附-脱附等手段对样品的物相、化学组成、形貌及孔结构进行了表征。采用差示扫描量热(DSC)技术评价了Co_3O_4花状微球对高氯酸铵(AP)的热分解催化作用。结果表明,花状Co_3O_4微球对AP热分解过程具有良好的催化活性,添加2%(质量分数)的Co_3O_4可使AP的高温分解峰值温度降低122℃,表观分解热提高422 J/g。优异性能的发挥归因于其良好的分散性和丰富的级次孔结构。

The flower-like precursor（CH3O）2Co microspheres assembled by nano-flakes were firstly fabricated by a solvothermal method using Co（Ac）2 as source materials in a methanol system. Co3O4 porous microspheres with well-preserved morphologies were then achieved by calcining the precursor. X-ray diffraction（XRD）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FT-IR）, Thermal gravimetry（TG）, Scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, Transmission electron microscopy（TEM） and N2 adsorption-desorption were used to characterize the phase, chemical composition, morphology and pore structure of the samples. Differential scanning calorimetry（DSC） was employed to evaluate the catalytic performance of these Co3O4 microspheres for thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate（AP）. The result shows that the as-obtained Co3O4 microspheres exhibit excellent catalytic performance. Adding 2 wt% Co3O4 microspheres into AP decreases the high-temperature exothermic peak by 122 °C and the apparent decomposition heat increases by 422 J/g. The excellent catalytic activity is attributed to good dispersity and plentiful hierarchical pore structure of Co3O4 microspheres.