小细胞肺癌免疫治疗的临床研究进展

Advances in immunotherapy for small cell lung cancer

小细胞肺癌(small cell lung cancer,SCLC)是一种恶性程度较高的肿瘤,约占全部肺癌的15%,其具有侵袭性高、增殖快、早期广泛转移的生物学特点。虽然对化疗和放疗高度敏感、初治缓解率高,但极易耐药和复发,迫切需要新的治疗策略以提高疗效、延长生存期。SCLC发生发展和化疗耐药涉及众多细胞学和分子生物学异常改变,随着对SCLC生物学行为理解的加深以及分析检测技术的不断发展,免疫治疗可能突破治疗瓶颈、为SCLC治疗开辟新的途径。本文将对小细胞肺癌的免疫治疗临床研究做一综述。

Small cell lung cancer （SCLC）, which accounts for about 15% of lung cancer cases, is an aggressive disease characterized by rapid growth and early widespread metastasis. Despite sensitive to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, SCLC is vulnerable to get resistant and has high recurrence rates. Therefore, novel therapies are desperately needed to improve treatment efficacy and increase overall survival. A complex molecular biological alteration of SCLC accounts for its pathogenesis and chemo-resistance. With the understand- ing of SCLC biologic behavior and improvement of detection technique, immunotherapy may be a viable therapeutic approach and bring breakthrough to the treatment of patients with SCLC. In this review, we will discuss the rationale for immunotherapy and recent clinical trials of immunotherapeutic agents for SCLC.