体育教师职业能力变迁研究

The Research of P.E.Teachers' Professional Ability Change

采用文献资料法等方法探究体育教师职业能力发展与变迁,对管窥时代发展的体育教师能力和教师教育与培养具有重要意义。职业能力的发展经历了"专项能力"到"关键能力"再到"整合能力"3个阶段。结论:体育教师职业能力发展,经历了解放前"专项能力观"强调体操技术至上到建国初至文革前期"关键能力观"注重专项技术的习得,再至改革开放基础教育体育课程改革"整体能力观"重视综合素质养成。教师标准化至今与时俱进,紧跟时代需求。体育教师职业能力从单一转向全面化:德智体全面发展到教学、科研、训练与竞赛、管理、社会指导等能力兼备;角色转变为学生的启蒙师、训练师和管理师等多面手。

Using literature data method to explore PE teachers＇ professional ability development, which is impor- tant for the ability of PE teachers and teacher education and training. The development of professional ability goes through the ＂special ability＂ to ＂key competencies＂ to ＂integration＂ three stages. Conclusion ： The development of professional competence of teachers, experienced ＂spe- cial ability viewpoint＂ gymnastics technology first to emphasized diversification, to the beginning of the founding of the early Cultural Revolution ＂key eompeteneies con- cept＂ specially focused on technology acquisition, last during the Cultural Revolution the reform and opening-up policy to basic education curriculum reform sports ＂finish- ing capability perspective＂ paying attention to the com- prehensive development of quality. The standardization of teachers keeps up with the times during several stages. PE teachers＇ professional ability shift from singularity to com- prehensive abilities, PE teachers need equip themselves with the abilities of teaching, researching, training and competing, managing and other capabilities of both social guidance, making themselves become abecedarians, train- ers, managers and other generalists for students.