巨桉种源/家系多点遗传变异及选择比较

Variation Analysis and Selection for Eucalyptus grandis Provenances and Families in Multiple-sites

对4．5a生巨桉种源／家系3个试验点共13个种源175个家系的生长和形质性状进行遗传分析。结果表明：所有观测性状在地点、区组和家系间均呈极显著差异（P〈0．01），胸径在种源间差异极显著（P〈0．01），树高、干形、分枝和冠幅在种源间差异不显著；树高和胸径变异系数在地点间差异不大，冠幅表型变异系数为45％-60％，江西南康的分枝变异系数高达34％，广东连山的分枝变异系数仅15％，总体上广东连山试验点各性状变异系数略低于江西南康和云南景谷，冠幅遗传变异系数〉胸径〉树高〉干形〉分枝，景谷点参试性状遗传力〉连山点〉南康点；相关性分析表明：生长性状间、生长性状与冠幅、生长性状与部分形质指标均呈极显著正相关（P〈0．01）；利用综合指数选择法，筛选l号（昆士兰州NWTownsille）、2号（昆士兰州Copperlode）和12号（四川乐山）为优良种源，2号（昆士兰州Copperlode）、21号（昆士兰州Barron Gorge NationalPark）、40号（昆士兰州Koombooloomba）、51号（昆士兰州Tinaroo）、125号（昆士兰州Bambaroo）、127号（昆士兰州Bambaroo）、137号（昆士兰州Bambrroo）和144号（昆士兰州Tully Gorge NationalPark）等家系在两个试验点中同时表现优良，但没有家系同时在3个试验点中表现突出。

In order to analyze variation and selection of Eucalyptus grandis provenances, the traits of 175 families from 13 provenences were analyzed. The results showed that there were significant differences （p〈0.01） on studied traits among sites, blocks and families while there were significant differences（p〈0.01） on diameter at breast height among provenances . The variation of height and diameter at breast height had similar value. The variation of crown ranged from 45% to 60%. The branch variation in Nankang was 34% and 15% in Lianshan. In generally, the variation of studied traits in Lianshan was bigger than Nankang and Jinggu. Further, the variation of crown 〉 diameter at breast height 〉 height 〉 stem form 〉 branch and the repeatability in Jinggu 〉 Lianshan 〉 Nankang. There were significant positive correlations among growth traits, growth traits and crown, growth traits and quality traits（p〈0.01）. No.1 （N W Townsille, QLD）, 2 （Copperlode, QLD） and 12 （Leshan, Sichuan） were selected as good provenance by comprehensive index. No. 2 （Copperlode, QLD）, 21（Barron Gorge National Park, QLD）, 40 （Koombooloomba, QLD）, 51 （Tinaroo, QLD）, 125 （Bambaroo, QLD）, 127 （Bambaroo, QLD）, 137（Bambaroo, QLD） and 144 （Tully Gorge National Park, QLD） were selected as good families in two sites whereas there was no same families growth good in all three sites.