美国《1980年存款机构放松管制和货币控制法》的探究

Exploration of American Depository Institutions Deregulation and Monetary Control Act of 1980

1980年3月31日,《1980年存款机构放松管制和货币控制法》(简称《1980年银行法》)经卡特总统签署成为法律。该法是为了解决20世纪70年代金融机构面临的危机和美联储面临的困境而出台。从该法的内容来看其一方面放松了对金融机构的监管,加剧了金融机构之间的竞争;另一方面加强了联储对存款准备金的控制,提高了联储制定货币政策的能力。该法实施后对美国金融机构的业务运行及联储制定货币政策的能力产生巨大影响,然而该法也不可避免地带来了一些新的问题。

On March 31,1980,the Depository Institutions Deregulation and Monetary Control Act of 1980（ for short Banking Act of1980） Signed into law by President carter. The act was promulgated in order to resolving the Crisis and difficulties that financial institutions and Fed had faced. Judging from the contents of the act. On the one hand,to loosen the regulation of financial institutions,intensified competition between financial institutions. On the other hand,strengthened the Fed＇s control on reserve,improve the ability of the Fed formulates monetary policy. The act has an enormous impac on the business operation of U. S. financial institutions and the ability of the Fed sets out monetary policy,however,it also inevitably brought about some new problem.