TI介质中的P波衰减各向异性及其在裂缝参数反演中的应用（英文）

P-wave attenuation anisotropy in TI media and its application in fracture parameters inversion

由于裂缝及所含流体的综合作用,含裂缝介质不仅具有速度各向异性,还具有显著的衰减各向异性。衰减各向异性分析可应用于裂缝产状、裂缝密度和尺度等的估计,为储层识别提供重要信息。本文从理论上推导了ATI介质(对称轴沿任意方向的横向各向同性介质)中P波衰减各向异性关系,并据此改进了ATI介质中P波衰减各向异性的测量方法,避免了现有的基于泰勒展开改进的谱比法在应用于宽方位或全方位数据时误差较大的问题,同时基于P波衰减各向异性分析可对裂缝倾角和方位角进行初步估计。结合P波衰减各向异性分析和S波速度各向异性分析,可实现小尺度裂缝的裂缝密度和裂缝尺度联合反演,相比于单独使用横波速度各向异性分析方法或单独使用P波衰减各向异性分析方法,其反演结果更准确、收敛性更好。本文将衰减各向异性分析应用于中国东部某油田的微地震数据,通过衰减倾向各向异性分析提取的裂缝倾角,与微地震监测结果相符。

The existence of aligned fractures in fluid-saturated rocks leads to obvious attenuation anisotropy and velocity anisotropy. Attenuation anisotropy analysis can be applied to estimate fracture density and scale, which provide important information for reservoir identification. This paper derives P-wave attenuation anisotropy in the ATI media where the symmetry axis is in the arbitrary direction theoretically and modifies the spectral ratio method to measure attenuation anisotropy in the ATI media, thus avoiding a large measurement error when applied to wide azimuth or full azimuth data. Fracture dip and azimuth can be estimated through attenuation anisotropy analysis. For small-scale fractures, fracture scale and fracture density can be determined with enhanced convergence if velocity and attenuation information are both used. We also apply the modified spectralratio method to microseismic field data from an oilfield in East China and extract the fracture dip through attenuation anisotropy analysis. The result agrees with the microseismie monitoring.