“根据”的词汇化及语法化

Lexicalization and Grammaticalization of Chinese Word Genju

词汇语法化是人类语言发展过程中普遍存在的现象。现代汉语中绝大多数的介词都由古代的动词语法化而来,由于语言发展的不平衡及虚化过程的渐进性、复杂性,介词与动词一直存在着交叉、纠葛。词汇化是由短语到词的过程,而语法化则是词性由实到虚的过程,是一个词语的发展历程中十分重要的一部分。从共时、历时两个层面对"根据"进行考察,并在跨语言的角度上进一步探讨"根据"的根源。

Lexical grammaticalization is common phenomenon in the process of human language development. The vast majority of prepositions in modem Chinese are grammaticalized from the ancient Chinese verbs. Due to the unbalanced development in language and the complexity of the language evolution, lexicalization is a process of from phrases to words, while the grammaticalization is the process of the change of part of speech. In this paper, from the synchronic and diachronic aspects, we discussed the evolution of the Chinese word Genju.