农民的行动逻辑——基于《秋菊打官司》中人物的“成本-收益”分析

Farmers' Action Logic——Based on “Cost-Benefit” Analysis to People from The Story of Qiu Ju

通过研究人物之间的对话,对其进行语义分析,可以理解人们日常行为和生活中的风俗习惯、心理变化等。基于《秋菊打官司》中人物的"成本-收益"分析,试图发现农民日常的社会交往互动背后的文化和心理。所谓的"成本-收益"并非指纯粹经济学意义上的含义,换言之,它并非狭义的经济价值付出的成本与获得的收益间的比较,而是一种广义的"成本-收益"的含义,它也包括日常生活中的"脸""面子"等心理价值意义的"成本-收益"。这种道德性的"脸"与社会性的"面子"之间的互动,在人际交往中产生了微妙的作用,长脸、丢脸、给面子、留点面子在日常生活中也常常提及。农村的事情千头万绪、错综复杂,很多时候并不是因为事情本身比较复杂,而在于解决方式本身的受限制性,因此,理解了农民的行动逻辑,对于解决基层纠纷具有重要意义。

We can comprehend people＇s behavior,habits and psychological changes through analyzing dialogue among characters.This paper tries to find the farmers＇ culture and psychology behind the interaction in daily life based on the frame of＂cost-benefit＂.Actually,The so-called＂cost-benefit＂does not refer to the meaning of a purely economic sense.In other words,it is a generalized ＂cost-benefit＂,which includes＂face＂,＂mianzi＂and other significant psychological value.The interaction between the moral＂face＂and the social＂face＂had a subtle effect in interpersonal exchanges.Have face,loose face,give face,save face,they are often mentioned in their daily lives.The reasons of rural things are complicated and intricate is not because the thing itself,but that solution itself is limited.It is important for us to understand the logic of action from farmers for solving grassroots disputes.