从政法文化到司法文化:以审判为中心的诉讼制度变革的文化基础

From Political Law Culture to Judicial Culture:the Cultural Foundation of Trial-Centered Procedural Reform

以审判为中心的制度变革不仅要求从形式上突出审判活动的地位并实现庭审实质化,更意味着刑事诉讼的诉讼构造与相关制度建构的转变和刑事司法职权在公检法三机关之间以及法院系统内部的重新优化配置。政法文化及其内涵的政治统率司法的思维方式、积极行动与过分追求实质真实的司法理念、服务政治大局和形势需要的价值观使得以审判为中心的诉讼制度变革无法深入有效地推进。当代中国诉讼文化的变迁中,应当按照司法权的程序特征和司法认知规律建构诉讼制度、推进诉讼程序、开展诉讼活动,培育以司法独立、证据裁判、控辩对等为特征的司法文化,促进以审判为中心的诉讼制度变革。

Trial-centered procedural reform not only requires protruding the status of trial activities and making trial substantive,but also means the transition of criminal litigation structure and related systems,and demands the re-optimization of judicial powers among public security organs,procuratorial organs and people＇s courts,and the judicial power inside the system of people＇s courts.Owing to political law culture and the thinking mode based on political dominance over judicature,the judicial ideas of positive actions and excessive striving for substantial justice,and the values of serving political situation,it is hard to proceed trial-centered procedural reform thoroughly and effectively.Under the transition of contemporary legal culture in China,it is necessary to promote the proceedings and litigation activities in accordance with the characteristics of jurisdiction and judicial cognition rules,foster judicial culture which characterized with judicial independence,evidence referee,defendant equivalence,so as to promote trialcentered procedural reform.