淮河流域瓦埠湖流域水体污染研究与现状评价(2011—2015年)

Research and evaluation of water pollution in Lake Wabu Basin,Huaihe Catchment

瓦埠湖位于淮河中游南岸,属于淮河流域最大的湖泊.根据2011年8月—2015年12月对瓦埠湖湖区3个监测点位、入(出)湖河流4个监测断面的水质监测数据,选用内梅罗水污染指数法和单因子指数法,以总氮、总磷、铵态氮和高锰酸盐指数为评价指标对瓦埠湖湖区水体和主要入(出)湖河流水质现状进行评价,结果表明:瓦埠湖湖区总体水质状况为轻度污染、Ⅳ类水质,其主要污染源为农业面源污染和生活污染;部分入湖河流受农业氮、磷污染的影响水质较差,其中庄墓河污染情况最为严重.因此,必须加强流域的水环境综合整治工作,控制农业面源污染对流域水环境的影响.

Lake Wabu, as the largest lake in the Huaihe Catchment, is located on south bank of the middle-reach Huaihe River and serves as a flood storage area in this basin. To eliminate influence of countryside domestic sewage, this paper is to evaluate the water quality based on data at throe monitoring sites and four monitoring sections in the Lake Wabo, which data were obtained during a period from October in 2011 to December in 2015. The pollution factors were analyzed by utilizing methods of the single factor pollution evaluation and the Nemerow pollution index with evaluation indicators of permanganate index, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and ammonium nitrogen. The conclusions are as follows. Water in the Lake Wabu is slightly polluted with the Grade Ⅳ, and its main pollution comes from the sources of agriculture and daily life in the basin. Some inflow rivers already are of bad water quality with abundant nitrogen and phosphorus, in which Zhuangmu River is the worst. It is necessary to renovate the basin environment comprehensively and control the effect of the agricultural non-point pollution.