基于滚压的悬架振动俘能装置设计与特性分析

Design and Analysis of the Vibration Energy Harvester for Self-powered Vehicle Suspension Based on Rolling-Press

振动能量俘获装置能够回收路面不平引起的汽车悬架振动能量,为主动悬架提供动力,可有效降低主动悬架的能耗和使用成本。基于滚压原理,提出一种用于电动汽车自供能智能悬架的滚动压迫振动能量俘获装置概念设计。该装置通过滚珠滚压凸起金属片的方式将上下的随机振动转换为幅值相对稳定的单向压力,使其中的压电材料受压变形,从而输出电压。笔者建立了滚动压迫俘获振动能量的理论模型,并对其在随机路况下的振动俘能效果进行了仿真分析。结果显示,该俘能装置占用空间小,在悬架的各种运动状态下,都能俘获振动能量,具有较高的俘能效率,能满足悬架实际应用。

Vibration energy harvesters can recover the energy in a suspension vibration while simultaneously suppressing the vibration induced by road roughness, thus acting as both a controllable damper and energy generator. In this context, a vibration energy harvester was proposed that was based on the rolling-press principle for self-powered vehicle suspension. The design utilized an array of balls rolling the piezoelectric units, which consisted of a PZT (one type of piezoelectric ceramics) layer that was bonded on both sides to two raised metal layers. The rolling mechanism converted the irregular reciprocating vibration into a regular unidirectional rolling motion, which generated a high and relatively stable rolling force on the piezoelectric units. The balls and piezoelectric units were integrated into the vehicle suspension, making the design of the vehicle suspension simple and compact. The analysis model of the vibration energy harvester was established, and the energy harvesting efficiency was analyzed. Simulation results showed that the rolling-based vibration energy harvester generated DC voltage whenever the suspension stroke was positive or negative, which was more convenient in applications than AC voltage. © 2016, Editorial Department of JVMD. All right reserved.