不同素质烟叶烘烤过程中颜色值与含氮化合物的关系分析

Relationship between the color value and the content of nitrogen compounds during bulk curing process of tobacco leaves of different quality

为明确嫩黄烟、返青烟、高温逼熟烟及贪青晚熟烟等不同素质烟叶含氮化合物与外观颜色参数的变化规律及影响程度,使用SPAD-502及WSC-3型全自动测色色差计测定烘烤过程外观颜色参数（SPAD、明度值L＊、红绿值a＊、黄蓝值b＊）,考马斯亮蓝法及流动分析法测定不同素质烟叶含氮化合物含量。结果表明,嫩黄烟与其他素质烟叶的SPAD值分别在30-42,30-38℃下降比例最大。返青烟L＊在30-38℃上升最多,高温逼熟烟则在38-68℃呈下降趋势;嫩黄烟在30-38℃时a＊增加最小,其他处理均在30-38℃增量较大;贪青晚熟烟与其他素质烟叶b＊增量最大时期分别为38-42,30-38℃。不同素质烟叶在烘烤过程中烟碱、总氮、蛋白质含量均呈现下降趋势,但降解转化时期不同。相关分析结果表明,烟叶外观颜色参数与含氮化合物含量之间呈不同程度相关,且不同种类含氮化合物对烟叶外观颜色直接影响程度不同。可依据烟叶外观颜色变化参数较为精准地预测不同素质烟叶内在含氮化合物的含量变化,克服单纯以色素降解为烘烤判断依据的问题。

In order to find out the relationship and dynamic change regularity among nitrogen compounds and color parameters of tender leaves,re-greening leaves,heat-forced maturity leaves and overgreen and late-maturing leaves,SPAD-502 and WSC-3 automatic color difference meters were used to determine the color parameters,and coomassie brilliant blue technique and continuous flow analytical system（ CFA） were used to determine the nitrogen compounds content of tobacco different quality. The results showed that the SPAD value of tender leaves declined most at 30 - 42 ℃ and that of other leaves declined most at 30 - 38 ℃; the SPAD value of re-greening leaves L＊increased most at 30 - 38 ℃,and that of heat-forced maturity leaves increased at 38 - 68 ℃; the SPAD value of tender leaves a＊declined at 30 - 38 ℃,but that of others increased at this stage; the SPAD value of over-green and late-maturing leaves b＊and others increased most at 38 - 42 ℃ and 30 - 38 ℃. The content of nicotine,total N and protein all declined during bulk curing process in tobacco leaves of different quality,however the conversion stage was different. The correlation analysis showed that the correlativity between color parameters and nitrogen compounds was somewhat different,and different kinds of nitrogen compounds had different direct influence on color parameters in tobacco leaves of different quality.This study indicated that we can use color parameters to make more accurate prediction of nitrogen compounds content in tobacco leaves of different quality during bulk curing process,and avoid the disadvantages of judging only by pigment content as bulk curing basis.