《更路簿》与《东西洋考》针路之研究

A Study of the Zhenlu in Genglubu and Notes on Eastern and Western Oceans

海南渔民长期以来在南海诸岛航行用的《更路簿》据考证自明代流传至今,它与明万历年间出版的《东西洋考》中的"东西洋针路"在形式上基本一致。通过对《更路簿》中的"更"与"针路"的诠译,对《东西洋考》中航行东西洋各地与《更路簿》中航行西沙、南沙群岛的针路的比较研究,可以证实海南渔民自明代以来就一直在南海海域生产和劳作,他们最先发现和利用这些岛礁,最早给这些岛礁命名,他们才是这片广袤海域和群岛的真正主人。

It is said that Genglubu （A Navigation Guide to the South China Sea）, which had been used for a long time by the fishermen of Hainan Island when they were sailing in the South China Sea, has been circulated up to now since the Ming Dynasty. It basically took the same form of the Zhenlu （ compass - guided routes） of the eastern and western oceans recorded by Notes on Eastern and Western Oceans published in the Wanli period （1573 -1620） of the Ming Dynasty. By interpreting the ＂Geng （voyage）＂ recorded by Genglubu and ＂Zhen- lu＂, and comparing the routes recorded by Notes on Eastern and Western Oceans and voyages to Xisha and Nan- sha Islands recorded by Genglubu , this paper proves that the fishermen of Hainan Island have been laboring and producing in the South China Sea waters since the Ming Dynasty. They first discovered, used and named these islands, so they were the real masters of the vast sea and islands.