不同采收期皱皮木瓜质量动态分析

Dynamic Quality Analysis of Chaenomelis Fructus in Different Harvesting Periods

目的:考察不同采收期皱皮木瓜外观特征与内在多元药效成分的动态变化规律,探讨皱皮木瓜药材的最佳采收期。方法:观察不同采收期皱皮木瓜果实外观特征包括表面颜色、长度、直径及质量变化,采用高效液相色谱法、紫外分光光度法等对内在绿原酸、齐墩果酸、熊果酸、鞣质及总有机酸含量进行测定,用主成分分析法(principal component analysis,PCA)进行综合评价。结果:不同采收期皱皮木瓜果实外观特征及内在多元药效物质的含量呈现动态变化,综合评价显示,8月下旬采收的样品综合评价指数最高。结论:综合分析认为8月中下旬为皱皮木瓜药材最佳采收期,此时果实表示颜色由绿色变为绿黄色。该研究可为皱皮木瓜药材采收、质量评价等提供一定科学依据。

Objective： To study the dynamic change rules of fruit appearance and medicinal ingredients in Chaenomelis Fructus in different harvesting periods,and explore the optimal harvesting period of Chaenomelis Fructus. Method： The fruit appearance characteristics of Chaenomelis Fructus in different harvesting periods were studied,including the changes of fruit surface color,length,diameter and weight; the contents of chlorogenic acid,oleanolic acid,ursolic acid,tannin and total organic acid were determined by HPLC and UV,and principal component analysis（ PCA） was used for comprehensive evaluation. Result： There were dynamic changes of fruit appearance characteristics and medicinal ingredients in Fructus Chaenomelis,and PCA results showed that the quality of samples collected in the end of August were better than others. Conclusion： Comprehensive analysis showed that the optimal harvesting period is mid-to-late August. At this time, the color of fruit surface was changing from green to yellow. The study results could provide certain scientific basis for harvesting and quality evaluation of Fructus Chaenomelis.