苏氏圆腹肌肉化学成分分析与评价

Analysis and evaluation of chemical components of muscles of Pangasius hypophthalmus

以池塘养殖苏氏圆腹(Pangasius hypophthalmus)为材料,分析了肌肉化学成分,评价了它们的营养价值。结果显示,苏氏圆腹鲜肉中水分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪和灰分的含量依次为79.56%、17.44%、2.07%和1.11%。苏氏圆腹肌肉中含有18种氨基酸,总量(TAA)占肌肉的79.90%(干基),肌肉干物质中必需氨基酸(EAA)和非必需氨基酸(NEAA)含量分别为32.32%和47.58%,EAA/TAA和EAA/NEAA比值分别为40.45%和67.93%,其必需氨基酸构成比例符合WHO/FAO推荐标准。按照氨基酸评分和化学分数,苏氏圆腹肌肉中赖氨酸含量最丰富,色氨酸为第一限制性氨基酸。另外,苏氏圆腹肌肉必需氨基酸指数(78.59)和呈味氨基酸(DAA)含量(30.80%干基)均高于多种经济鱼类。苏氏圆腹肌肉脂肪酸的构成特点是饱和脂肪酸比例高(43.70%),多不饱和脂肪酸比例低(18.31%),DPA(C22∶5)和DHA(C22∶6)比例非常低(0.50%和0.42%),多不饱和脂肪酸与饱和脂肪酸之比为0.42。以上结果表明,苏氏圆腹圆腹可作为人类优质蛋白质和赖氨酸源,也是潜在多不饱和脂肪酸源和低脂食品。

Chemical components of muscle of Pangasius hypophthalmus cultivated in ponds were analyzed and evaluated in this study.The results showed that contents of moisture, crude protein, crude fat and ash in fresh muscle of P.hypophthalmus were 79.56%0 , 17.44% ,2.07%, 1.11% , respectively.Eighteen kinds of amino acids were detected in its muscle, in which the contents of total amino acids （ TAA ） , essential amino acids （ EAA ） and non- essential amino acids （ NEAA ） were 79.90 % , 32.32 % and 47.58% （ dry basis ） respectively. The ratios of EAA/TAA and EAA/NEAA in its muscle were 40.45% and 67.93%, respectively.These data suggest that the EAA profile of the muscle of P.hypophthalmus can meet completely the FAO/WHO standard.According to amino acids score（ AAS ）and chemical score （CS）, lysine was the most abundant while tryptophan was the main limiting amino acid in the muscle.Besides, the essential amino acids index （78.59）or the content of delicious amino acids （30.80% of dry basis）of muscle of P.hypophthalmus was both higher than those of some economic fish species.Total lipids were characterized by high percentages of saturated fatty acids（43.70% of total fatty acid） ,low percentages of polyunsaturated fatty acids（ 18.31% of total fatty acids）and very low percentages of doeosapentenoic acid （0.50% of total fatty acids）and docosahexaenoic acid （ 0.42% of total fatty acids ） in its muscle. The P： S ratio was 0.42. These results indicate that P.hypophthalmus can be an excellent source of protein and lysine ,a potential source of polyunsaturated fatty acids and low-fat food for human.