中国新诗对英国浪漫主义的借鉴与“文化的国家主义”践行——以新诗诗人朱湘的诗学思想与实践为例

Chinese's New Poetry's Borrow ing from English Romanticism and the Practice of "Cultural Nationalism":Focusing on the Poetics and Poetry of New Poet Zhu Xiang

中国新诗受英国浪漫主义诗歌影响颇深。其中,新诗诗人朱湘的诗学思想与诗歌实践借鉴了英国浪漫主义诗歌中的哲理之思、苏格兰民谣、效法自然、奇幻想象、感觉之美等,颇具代表性。朱湘秉承"中外古今"理念,妙用中国汉字独特形声特点,化用中国古典诗歌与神话典故,并辅以对英国浪漫主义诗歌的借鉴,最终铸就具有"文化的国家主义"风格的中国新诗。朱湘对英国浪漫主义借鉴、融合及其独立诗风形成的个案,可在"西学东渐"过程中加以研究体察,揭示出以朱湘为代表的中国知识分子如何保持自身的民族性与文化独立性,以此抵抗过度的西化与欧化。

Chinese new poetry has been deeply influenced by English Romanticism, and thus deserves a careful and detailed analysis. Among the representative new poets, Zhu Xiang sets a typical example both in poetics and practices that has absorbed the essential characteristics of English romantic poetry, ranging from the philosophical thoughts, Scottish ballads, nurture in nature, magnificent imagination, sensuous beauty, etc. Adhe- ring to the principle of ＂learning from sources Chinese and foreign, ancient and contempo- rary＂ and favoring English Romantic poetry, Zhu Xiang achieves ＂cultural nationalism＂ by composing Chinese new poetry in skiliful use of unique Chinese imagery characters in terms of form, sound, the Chinese ancient sagas as well as legends in the combination of English poetic heritage. The study on Zhu Xiang＇s acceptance and fuse of English romanti- cism and the fulfillment of his ＂cultural nationalism＂ can be taken as a major case in ex- ploration of Chinese intellectuals＇ insistence on self nationality and cultural independence to resist excessive westernization and Europeanization.