膝关节内侧移位者踝背屈活动度及腓肠肌、胫前肌表面肌电特征

The Passive Range of Motion of Ankle Dorsiflexion and Features of Surface Electromyographic Signals of Gastrocnemius and Tibialis Anterior in Patients with Medial Knee Displacement

目的:探讨膝关节内侧移位(MKD)的发生机制,为进一步完善膝关节损伤的防治方案提供依据。方法:从男性青年志愿者中选取膝关节内侧移位(MKD)组30例和正常对照组30例,用标准量角器测量各组踝背屈被动活动范围(PROM)并进行比较,用表面肌电测试系统测试单腿下蹲过程中内侧腓肠肌、外侧腓肠肌和胫前肌的表面肌电图,比较两组间的肌电图均方根振幅(RMS)。结果:MKD组踝背屈PROM明显小于正常对照组(P<0.05);MKD组单腿下蹲时内侧腓肠肌、外侧腓肠肌和胫前肌肌电RMS均明显高于正常对照组(P<0.01,P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论:膝关节内侧移位的发生机制之一可能是踝背屈活动受限和腓肠肌/胫前肌的共激活,对膝关节损伤的防治应设法降低腓肠肌、胫前肌的激活强度,增加踝关节的活动范围。

Objective To explore the mechanism of medial knee displacement（MKD）through studying the passive range of motion（PROM）of ankle dorsiflexion and features of surface electromyographic sig- nals（SEMG）of gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior. Methods Thirty male youth displaying MKD in a sin- gle leg squat were chosen into an MKD group and 30 healthy counterparts were selected into a con- trol group. Their ankle dorsiflexion PROM was measured using a standard goniometer. A surface EMG system was used to record the muscle activity of the medial gastrocnemius（MG）,lateral gastrocnemius （LG） ,and tibialis anterior（TA）in single leg squats（SLS）. The root mean square amplitude（RMS）was compared between the two groups. Results The MKD group displayed significantly less ankle dorsiflex- ion PROM than the control group. The average RMS of MG, LG and TA in the MKD group were sig- nificantly higher than that of the control group. Conclusion The medial knee displacement may be associated with a less ankle dorsiflexion PROM and more coaetivation of gastrocnemius and tibialis anteri- or. The improvement of dorsiflexion PROM and the release of gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior coactivation should be emphasized in the prevention and treatment of the knee injury.