政治隐喻的说服机制与知觉过程

The Persuasion Mechanism and Perception Process of Political Metaphor

政治隐喻通过激活人们在非政治领域的知识与经验而形成人们对政治的理解。把理解继而转变为人们的态度,是政治隐喻的真正诉求,因此,政治隐喻始终是动机的渗透,而构建和说服则是它的本质。政治隐喻的说服机制主要在于它既是情感的又是理性的,并且还具有正名的重要意义。在隐喻式的推理中,政治隐喻启动人们的知觉过程,主要利用知觉过程具有的选择性、恒常性、整体性的特点,通过"常见不疑"、"结构复制"、"闭合完形"的功能实践,在为理解政治除蔽的同时又遮蔽了一些视角,在使一些观点合法化的同时迫使另一些观点被视为不合法,从而实现政治隐喻的诉求。

Political metaphors enable people to make sense of political world by drawing from previous knowledge and experience in nonpolitical domains. Saturated with intentions, political metaphors are aimed at transforming people＇s understanding into their attitudes, and they are thereby constitutive and persuasive. Political metaphors＇ persuasion is based on the fact that they are at once emotional and rational, entailing a naming power. In metaphorical reasoning, political metaphors, by activating people＇s such perception processes as concept conventionality, structure mapping, and perception closure, and mainly taking advantage of such traits as selectivity, constancy, and wholeness of those processes, perform a function of facilitating and obstructing understanding at the delegitimizing another. same time, as well as legitimizing one idea while delegitimizing another.